LONDON (AP) 鈥� Michael Scurr has been volunteering at Britain鈥檚 National Archives for the last 11 years, spending his Thursday mornings painstakingly cataloging documents for the benefit of future researchers.
Then one day last May the retired insurance executive made a discovery of his own while sifting through the letters of an 18th-century Royal Navy captain.
There, attached to a report on the capture of the American privateer Dalton on Christmas Eve 1776, was an enclosure identified only as 鈥渁nother paper.鈥� Carefully unfolding the document, Scurr stopped when he saw the word 鈥淒eclaration鈥� printed across the top.
鈥淚 thought, oh, right, OK, this is definitely a Declaration of Independence,” he told The Associated Press. 鈥淗ow exciting is this?鈥欌��
The document spreads the news of independence
Researchers at the National Archives have since identified the document as a rare early copy of America鈥檚 founding document, printed just days after the original was signed on July 4, 1776, to spread the news that 13 rebellious North American colonies
It is one of just 11 original copies of the so-called Exeter printing of the declaration that are known to exist, and the only one identified outside the United States, the National Archives said on Thursday as it unveiled the find ahead of this . This version was printed in Exeter, New Hampshire, July 16 to 19, 1776.
But it isn鈥檛 just the age of t . It is also the fact that it was captured from a ship under the direction of the recently formed Continental Congress, with orders signed by its president, John Hancock, said Amanda Bevan, head of the National Archives鈥� project to catalog the correspondence of Royal Navy captains during the American Revolution.
While the public has heard about the dreadful conditions faced by the Continental Army at places like Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, little attention has been given to the Americans who went to sea to disrupt British trade and battle the mighty Royal Navy, Bevan said.
Discovery offers a nod to what was at stake
Finding a copy of the Declaration of Independence on board ship also suggests how it might have been used, Bevan said. She believes the Dalton鈥檚 captain would have read out his orders, as was customary, and also the declaration itself.
鈥淭hey know why they鈥檙e fighting, but this puts it in a language which makes it greater than them,鈥欌�� Bevan said. 鈥淭hey鈥檙e not fighting because they鈥檙e aggrieved in particular. They鈥檙e fighting for an ideal. And I think that just to find the declaration in a theater of war where people are committing themselves to fight for their country on the wide ocean is really something special.鈥�
As a privateer, the 18-gun Dalton was a privately owned vessel that fought under the auspices of the Continental Congress to supplement the tiny navy of the new nation.
Captain Thomas Fitzherbert, commander of the 64-gun HMS Raisonnable, chased the Dalton for seven hours on Christmas Eve 1776 before capturing her off the coast of Portugal. The Dalton鈥檚 120-man crew was imprisoned in Plymouth, England, under harsh conditions.
Charles Hebert, who was just 19 when he was captured, described hunger, illness and repeated punishment in the journals he kept during more than two years of captivity before his release in a prisoner exchange.
Despite it all, many survived.
The joy of discovery is shared by Americans
Historians in the United States are also excited about the National Archives鈥� discovery.
This copy of the Declaration of Independence provides a direct link to the Dalton鈥檚 captain, who carried news of American independence to the world, said Matthew Skic, director of collections and exhibitions at the Museum of the American Revolution in Philadelphia.
鈥淚t鈥檚 not just a document, it鈥檚 an artifact,鈥� he said. 鈥淚t鈥檚 a tangible connection to the past, because holding that piece of paper in the archivist鈥檚 hand today is a way to transport us back to 1776. The baton being passed, in a way.鈥�
that there鈥檚 still more for historians to uncover, Skic said.
鈥淓ven though 250 years has gone by, we still do not know everything about the American Revolution, and there are still finds left to be discovered.鈥�
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